Management Studies

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Academic Staff Mobility in Tanzania’s Higher Learning Institutions: Understanding the Push and Pull Factors
(Tanzania Institute of Accountancy, 2022-12) Mkunde, Beatrice M.; Mahundu, Fabian G.
This study aimed to understand the push and pull factors for employees’ mobility in higher learning institutions. Specifically, the study anticipated to 1) determine the trend of employees’ mobility in higher learning institutions, 2) explore the factors for employees’ mobility in higher learning institutions and 3) recommend how higher learning institutions may devise motivation and retention strategies to minimise employee mobility. The study employed an exploratory case study design to allow the use of various qualitative data collection methods and tools. Purposive sampling was used to obtain respondents from four selected higher-learning institutions. Data collected from interviews were analysed using NVivo 12 Plus computer-based software. Findings indicate that the push and pull factors for academic staff mobility in the selected higher learning institutions in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, are multiple, including workplace restructuring, institutional politics, failure to meet the required academician’s needs and demands, health related factors, good salary pay, need to join their families after a long period of staying away, work motivation, friendly welfare policies and good working climate. The study recommends having different employee retention strategies ranging from good governance/leadership, friendly human resource-related policies that are objectively implemented, flexible management that are open for discussion, and views to fair motivational packages.
Access and Use of Mobile Money by Microentrepreneurs in Moshi District, Tanzania
(African Journal of Accounting and social science (AJASSS), 2021-12) Akyoo, Stephen E.; Pallangyo, Barakael T.
This study assessed the accessibility and usage of mobile money services by micro-entrepreneurs in Moshi District, Tanzania. A multistage sampling technique with a combination of random and purposive sampling was adopted to obtain a total of 120 shop retailers for questionnaire survey and six key informants for in depth interviews. Data were collected through questionnaire and checklist guide and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and content analysis. The fndings show that most (70%) of the respondents owned one mobile handset. Almost (95%) respondents were using mobile money services for their businesses, and M-Pesa from Vodacom had the highest number of subscribers. Nearly, two thirds (65%) of the respondents had one Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card. The majority of the respondents frequently (often or very often) used mobile money services for paying bills (91.7%), sending or withdrawing cash (91.6%), making purchases and commodity dealing (90.8%), making money transfer (87.5%), recharging airtime (84.1%) and storing money (72.7%). It is concluded that mobile money has been adopted by microentrepreneurs’ even in rural areas. Furthermore, micro entrepreneurs were easily accessing the mobile money services mainly through Vodacom, Tigo and Airtel telecommunicationAfrican Journal of Accounting and Social Science Studies (AJASSS) Volume 3, Issue No. 2 86 companies. The study recommends that the user should adopt the services so to beneft from their business. Furthermore, these mobile telecommunication companies should oﬀer aﬀordable services especially on the marginalized rural areas. Keywords: Mobile money, mobile phones, microenterprises, Moshi,
Accountability and Delivery of Quality Water Services in Iramba and Singida Rural Districts, Tanzania
(2018-11) Shagama, B
The objective of this paper was to assess the relationship between accountability and delivery of quality water services in Iramba and Singida rural districts involving six villages. The paper used a crosssectional research design and multistage sampling. A sample of 350 households was drawn from the population by using stratified random sampling based on the location of the households within each local administrative area. Quantitative data were collected using a structured questionnaire, while qualitative data were collected through focus group discussions. The collected data were analysed using both the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16 and STATA. Ordinal logistic regression was used to establish the relationship between accountability elements and the delivery of quality water services. Based on the study, the level of delivery of quality water services in the study area is low. However, it shows a positive statistically significant relationship between accountability and delivery of quality water services. The study recommends that, for effective delivery of quality water services, local authorities and Community Owned Water Supply Organisation (COWSOs) should strengthen accountability as a means of improving delivery of quality water services.
Agro-pastoralist Resilience: Emerging Challenges towards Innovated Pathways of Climate Change Effects in Semi-arid areas of Kiteto and Kilindi Districts, Tanzania
(TIA, 2022-06) Mung’ong’o, Henry G.
Climate change and its variability threaten food security globally, making life uncertain, especially among agro-pastoral communities living in fragile semi-arid areas. This trend has necessitated the exploration of the potential designed and developed pathways and the emerging challenges which reduce the adaptive capacity of agro-pastoralists. This study investigates innovative pathways and challenges facing agro-pastoral communities in adapting to climate change and variability effects on crops and livestock production in semiarid areas of Kiteto and Kilindi Districts. A mixed-method research approach under a correlation case study design was employed. Primary data were collected using a household survey which sampled 362 households, Focus Group Discussion (n=6), In-depth interviews (key informants) and field visits. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used in analysing and presenting the findings. The study results indicate that agro-pastoral communities have observed a decrease in rainfall and an increase in temperature trends that were linked to reduced livestock, cereals and pulses crop production thus affecting the agro-pastoral community’s food security status. The study identified innovative pathways as a response to reduced livestock, cereal and pulse crops production which includes growing drought-tolerant crops, practising intercropping, livestock seasonal mobility, traditional grazing management system through by-laws, pastures rotational uses and traditional water reservoirs (Mboutu). Furthermore, the study identified several challenges to overcoming declining livestock production and crop yields, which include inadequate financial capital (91%), droughts (85.4%), unpredicted weather patterns, (74.7%), emergency of new AJASSS Volume 4, Issue No. 1, 2022 page 20 livestock diseases (50.3%), a lack of reliable weather information (44.2%), low livestock prices(40%), insufficient and delayed delivery of agricultural equipment (37%). All these challenges reduced the resilience capacity of agro pastoralists. To ensure the sustainability of fragile dryland communities, this study recommends purposeful institutional intervention plans and increased income diversification as well as more capacity-building activities for increased awareness of climate change adaptation practices in semiarid areas of Tanzania which will increase agro-pastoralists resilience.
Analysis of Effect of Institutional Isomorphism on Cashew Nut Farming Business Sustainability in Tanzania: Mediating Role of Market Stakeholder’s Action
(Tanzania Institute of Accountancy, 2023-06) Vicent, Felex; Abayo, Abdiel; Chachage, Bukaza; Musheiguza, Edwin
The effect of institutional isomorphism on cashew nut farming business sustainability in Tanzania through market stakeholders’ action was analysed in this study. The study explicitly sought to examine the effect of institutional isomorphism on business sustainability, market stakeholders’ actions on business sustainability, and the mediating effect of market stakeholders’ actions on the association between institutional isomorphism and business sustainability. An explanatory design, backed by simple random sampling, was utilized in choosing 360 respondents. Information for the study was gathered using a structured questionnaire and analysed by structural equation modelling. Outcomes show that institutional isomorphism had a positive and significant effect on business sustainability. Market stakeholders’ action was also found to have a positive and significant effect on business sustainability. Further results exposed the partial mediation effect of market stakeholders’ action on the relationship between institutional isomorphism and business sustainability. The study concluded that the prediction of business sustainability can be precisely articulated by institutional isomorphism and market stakeholders’ actions. Market stakeholders’ action was also proved to mediate the relationship between institutional isomorphism and business sustainability partially. Thus, the study recommends that, for the cashew nut farming business in Tanzania to be sustainable, farmers should comply with isomorphic pressures issued by governing institutions. It is also recommended that market stakeholders’ actions should be given consideration by governing institutions as they have effects on achieving sustainability.
Annualized Stock Market Returns Volatility: An Evidence of Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange
(TIA, 2022-12-31) Mwidege, Asheri, M.
Financial market players raise a concern about returns volatility anomalies. Yet, the day effects of stock market return instability in the Dar es Salaam financial market are not known. The present study, investigated the day effects on returns using time series data for the years 1998 through 2020. The return of market stocks was analysed using Win Rat and E-views. The results showed that the day of and the month of the year outcome existed in the return equation only with a constant decay rate ( +  = 0.75) meaning that the unpredictability forecast reverts to its unrestricted mean at the proportion of 0.75 per transaction period. Moreover, it was found that the lowest monthly returns spread were observed for TCC and the highest for the whole market while the maximum and nethermost daily returns occurred on Wednesdays and Tuesdays, respectively. Furthermore, it was found that the positive January effect was observed in the market and monthly mean returns were positive with the lowest returns in December. The study concludes that that day’s effects impacted the market stock return caused by the volatility effect on returns. It is therefore recommended that rational investors should invest in the market for their future gains.
Application of SARIMA Model on Forecasting Wholesale Prices of Food Commodities in Tanzania A Case of Maize, Rice and Beans
(African Journal of Accounting and social science (AJASSS), 2022-06-30) Joseph, Agnes B; Mpogolo, Godfrey E
This research used a time series model called the Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) technique to model and forecast wholesale prices of Tanzania`s key food crops, notably maize, rice, and beans. The SARIMA model was selected due to its ability of ftting data with seasonality. Monthly wholesale prices data of the three crops between February 2004 to October 2021 in Tanzania were retrieved from the website of the Bank of Tanzania (BoT), resulting in 213 observations on each crop. The data from February 2004 to October, 2020 were used to ft a SARIMA model and data of November 2020 to October 2021 were used to validate the model. The results show that SARIMA (0,1,2) (1,0,1) 12, SARIMA (0,1,0) (1,1,1)12 and SARIMA (0,1,0) (0,1,1) 12 are the most suitable models for forecasting wholesale prices of maize, rice and beans respectively. The model’s accuracy was tested using Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE), and the results were found satisfactory. The results reveal that maize, rice, and beans will all have higher peak prices in February 2022, with TZS 54,083/=, TZS 167,258/=, and TZS 180,117.68/= per 100kg, respectively. Therefore, SARIMA (0,1,2)(1,0,1)12, SARIMA (0,1,0)(1,1,1)12 and SARIMA (0,1,0) (0,1,1) 12 models could serve as a useful tool for modelling and forecasting monthly wholesale prices of maize, rice and beans respectively in Tanzania.
Assessment of Crime and Crime Level in Kinondoni Police Regional Stations, Dar Es Salaam Tanzania
(International Journal of Political Science, 2017) Pallangyo, W. A
This article assesses the crime and crime level from Kinondoni Police regional stations. The determinants of crime are analyzed by using descriptive statistics and the Multinomial Logistic Regression Model. The findings indicate seven determinants of crime. It points out that crime against property is the main category. Respondents with the following characteristics (youths, males, unemployed, with less earning, having a low level of education and never married), are more likely to commit offences against a person and crimes against property. The article suggests that the police force has to review the effectiveness of its initiative of involving the community in policing and increase its finance, physical and human resources to match with the growing population.
Assessment of The Impact of Advertising on Business Development in Tanzania’s Bank Sector: CRDB Bank
(African Journal of Accounting and social science (AJASSS), 2022-06-30) Mneney, Christina E; Chenyambuga, Dora N
This research aimed at determining how eﬀective advertising is at increasing business growth in the banking industry. The study’s target population was 38 employees of CRDB Bank in Ilala District, out of these thirty-fve (35) respondents were selected using a purposive sample technique. Likert scale was used, whereby 1 indicating Strongly Agree, 2 indicating Agree, 3 indicating Undecided, 4 indicating Disagree, and 5 indicating Strongly Disagree. Data were entered and analysed by SPSS software. The study’s fndings revealed that, nearly 65 per cent of the respondents strongly agreed that advertising as an integrated marketing communication medium assists the banks in improving and enhancing client loyalty. Furthermore, 74.3 percent strongly agreed that advertising assists the banks in increasing sales volume and 25.7 percent agreed that advertising assists the bank in increasing sales volume. As a result, the vast majority of the respondents stated that advertising helped the bank to increase sales volume. According to the study, CRBD bank’s management should invest heavily in all Integrated Marketing Communication (ICM), including advertising, because it has a direct impact on the bank’s success.
Attributes Influencing Effectiveness of Employees’ Innovation in Telecommunication Industry in Tanzania
(TIA, 2022-06) Kikuli, Miriam D.; Mwombeki, Frank A.
This study aimed at examining attributes influencing the effectiveness of employees’ innovation in telecommunication industry in Tanzania using Tigo as a reference. Specifically, the study focused on the assessment of the influence of personal competence, leadership styles, technology and financial resources on employees’ innovation in terms of the number of employees’ creative ideas and projects turned into innovation. The study employed a cross-sectional survey strategy to collect data from a sample of 78 employees and open ended questionnaires to collect additional information from 5 key informants who were senior members of Tigo, Tanzania. Descriptive statistics and Multiple Linear Regression were used to analyse data and test formulated hypotheses respectively. The findings show that leadership styles and technology strongly influence employees’ innovation in Telecommunication Companies. The study findings imply that it is very crucial for human resource directors to motivate staff to make them innovative. Also, ICT, research and development departments should be given more budgets and intensive trainings in order to build employees’ innovative capacity. Therefore, it is recommended that technology and leadership style should be seriously considered by company’s management when making strategies and plans for innovative growth in an organization particularly Telecommunication Industry.
Automated Optimization-Based Deep Learning Models for Image Classification Tasks
(MDPI, 2023-09-01) Migayo, Daudi, M.; Kaijage, Shubi.; Swetala, Stephen.; Nyambo, Devotha, G.
Applying deep learning models requires design and optimization when solving multi-faceted artificial intelligence tasks. Optimization relies on human expertise and is achieved only with great exertion. The current literature concentrates on automating design; optimization needs more attention. Similarly, most existing optimization libraries focus on other machine learning tasks rather than image classification. For this reason, an automated optimization scheme of deep learning models for image classification tasks is proposed in this paper. A sequential-model-based optimization algorithm was used to implement the proposed method. Four deep learning models, a transformer-based model, and standard datasets for image classification challenges were employed in the experiments. Through empirical evaluations, this paper demonstrates that the proposed scheme improves the performance of deep learning models. Specifically, for a Virtual Geometry Group (VGG-16), accuracy was heightened from 0.937 to 0.983, signifying a 73% relative error rate drop within an hour of automated optimization. Similarly, training-related parameter values are proposed to improve the performance of deep learning models. The scheme can be extended to automate the optimization of transformer-based models. The insights from this study may assist efforts to provide full access to the building and optimization of DL models, even for amateurs.
Cereal Bank as a Necessary Rural Livelihood Institute in Arid Land, Makoja Village, Dodoma-Tanzania
(Asian Economic and Financial Review, 2013) Msaki, Mark M.; Mwenda, Michael I.; Regnard, Irene J.
In 2012, the study was carried at Makoja Village, in Semi-Arid region of Dodoma. The aim of the conducted study was to assess the importance of Cereal Bank to livelihood of farming households. A total of 80 respondents were interviewed. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 computer program. The major findings of the study revealed that, almost all of the households (96.2 %) were poor, while more than a half of the sampled population was chronically food insecure. Income and expenditure analysis revealed that households had no opportunity to manage savings. Further analysis on expenditure revealed that despite being farming households, the later spent large proportion of their income in purchasing food for households. Cereal bank has been potential to provide food at the time of less, storage facility, seed stocking facility and a business opportunity. Cereal banks should be purposively promoted to improve livelihood and assure food security in the rural areas.
Challenges Facing Learners’ Acquisition of Employability Competencies under Competency-Based Education and Training Approach in Vocational Education and Training Centres in Tanzania
(African Journal of Accounting and social science (AJASSS), 2022-12-31) Mgaya, Shukurani
The purpose of this article is to investigate the causes of inadequate employability competencies among vocational education and training (VET) graduates using a competency-based education and training (CBET) approach. The article identifies respondents' perspectives on the challenges of acquiring employability competencies during the civil artisans' training and learning process in VETIs under CBET and explores opinions for overcoming those challenges. Data were gathered from 126 respondents through semi-structured interviews with trainers and employers, an open-ended questionnaire for learners, and employee-focused group discussions. A qualitative exploratory approach research design was used. Thematic analysis was used to analyse documents and interview transcripts. The findings revealed that the acquisition of employability competencies is hampered by learner characteristics, insufficient training and learning resources, shortage of trainers, English language problems, training methods, and negative perception of parents and learners on VET programmes, all of which were identified in the conceptual framework and mentioned by all categories of respondents. It is likely that the challenges discovered were not novel, with the exception of a lack of internet and a scarcity of clean water and food, which were context-specific issues. As a result, the study recommends that government and VET stakeholders should ensure the availability of learning resources to enhance effective training and learning at VET. More serious English language instruction should begin in primary school, according to the government and VET stakeholders. VET trainers should improve field supervision exercises and expose trainees to the working environment where employability competencies can be imparted more easily than through classroom training alone. Trainers should also participate in workshops and industrial visits to gain skills and knowledge about labour market needs. This will improve trainers' and trainees' understanding of labour-market requirements.
Climate Change Adaptation in Semi-Arid Areas: A Gender Perspective
(International Journal of Ecosystem, 2014) Msaki, Mark M.; Kalumanga, Venance.; Bwagalilo, Fadhili.
At current, the world is struggling to mitigate the impacts of Climate Change to the involved communities. Due to their climatic behaviours, Semi-Arids are among the most vulnerable areas to Climate Change. Adaption to Climate Change has been suggested to lessen the impacts in different areas. However, the adaption is relative to a specific area’s social-economic, physical as well as cultural set up. For this fact, it is a matter that in some areas, culture happens to side-line women in decision making and implementation while adapting for Climate Change. Therefore, the study was carried out at Chololo Eco - Village, in Dodoma Municipality. The aim of the study was to assess the existing climate change adaptation strategies or technologies and the involvement of Gender in Addressing Climate Change Adaptation Technologies. A total of 110 respondents were interviewed. The research revealed that among the proportion 36%, 29%, 35%, 32%, and 59% of female respondents attended transfer of innovation sessions for Agriculture, Water Management and Conservation, Afforestation, Food Security and Economic Adaptation. More men attended sessions for transfer of innovations as compared to women. Tradition, culture and household chores impended women not to involve much in such sessions. Fortunately, women not attending in such session did not connote not adapting to Climate Change. Roles occupied in the community and household chores had been the factor for women to decide whether to participate or not participate in the training sessions. Women struggled to attend transfer sessions which seemed to be critical such as Economic Adaptation. Fruitfully women were found to be more involved in Income Generating Activities (IGAs) introduced by Chololo Eco – Village. Deliberate efforts should be carried to ensure that women attend technology transfer sessions to become the first beneficiaries of such innovations.
Confidentiality in International Commercial Arbitration: A Comparative Analysis of the Position Under English and Tanzanian Law
(Journal of African and International Law, 2012) Tegamaisho, P
This study focusses on the duty of confidentiality in international commercial arbitration in the legal systems of England compared with the situation in Tanzania. Although confidentiality is one of the essential features of arbitration, confidentiality in arbitration is not always guaranteed and its status brings problems in different countries. Therefore, the author critically analyses the extent to which the duty of confidentiality in international commercial arbitration is applied in various countries, particularly in England and Tanzania. In so doing, decided cases, various institutional rules for arbitration are also reviewed for their treatment of confidentiality. These countries have been chosen because they share a common legal system, that is, common law.
The Contribution of Compensation in the Employee Retention of the Banking Institutions in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
(European Journal of Business and Management Research, 2020) Pallangyo, W. A
This paper explores the influence of compensation on employee retention in the banking institutions in Tanzania. The stratified sampling technique was used to ensure the representativeness of each bank category. Eleven banks were purposely selected and simple random sampling was applied to draw a sample of 370 employees. The quantitative data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using Binary logistic regression. The results indicated that compensation is significantly influencing employee retention with a ‘p-value of 0.001. It was further revealed that the compensation attribute (fair salary) has a significant influence on employee retention. The study recommends to the bank managers develop and implement retention policies that contemplate fair salaries as this is a most valued compensation attribute. Furthermore, the bank managers need to pay great attention to the right retention policies in order to improve the retention of employees.
Contribution of Tanzania to the Theory of Knowledge Sharing Behavior
(International Journal for Innovation Education and Research, 2014) Balozi, M.A; Othman, S. Z; Mohamed Issa, M.F
Purpose- This paper intends to discourse the development of theory in the Tanzania context, based on the potentiality of advancing knowledge sharing theory globally. The aim of this paper is to develop a theoretical framework that is essential for studying knowledge sharing behaviour which is critically significant for the organizational changes and national reforms as well for sustaining in tremendous competition. Moreover, the study established the need to undergo investigation in order to illustrate the degree of performance of theory in the context of Tanzania, which will depict a comparison with developed countries. Methodology- This paper reviewed the theory of planned behaviour and it portrayed TPB as the underpinned theory for revising knowledge sharing in the context of Tanzania. Findings- The study revealed propositions that are fundamental in developing the theory of planned behaviour for studying knowledge sharing in the Tanzania context. Limitations of the study- this paper offers suggestions for proposition testing and direction for further studies in knowledge sharing behaviour. The implication of the study- the paper provides development of theory and practice, the research might provide insight for improving knowledge sharing practices in order to realise organizational development and national reforms(BRN) in the context of Tanzania. Value- This paper relies on theoretical approaches, particularly on the advancement of the theory of plan of behaviour under the addition of the collectivist culture and interpersonal relation towards knowledge sharing behaviour in Tanzania.
CONTRIBUTION OF VEGETABLE FARMING TO LIVELIHOOD OUTCOMES AMONG THE YOUTH IN IHUMWA AND MTUMBA WARDS, DODOMA CITY, TANZANIA
(TIA, 2022-06) Maselle, Anna E.
In recent years there has been a growing literature on youth and livelihood opportunities in agriculture. However, the extent to which such engagement in agriculture improves the livelihood of youth has hardly attracted scholarly attention. Consequently, a convergent parallel mixed method design was adopted to examine the contribution of vegetable farming to livelihood outcomes among the youth. A two-stage sampling technique was used to select 250 respondents for the study. A checklist was used to gather qualitative data while structured questionnaire was used to gather quantitative data. Five livelihood indicators were used to construct the index. Each livelihood indicator was measured by three sub-indicators which were measured in a 3 point Likert scale (low, medium and high livelihood outcomes) Ordinal logistic regression model (OLRM) was employed to determine the chances of the youths’ livelihood outcome levels being high due to vegetable farming. More than half (58%) of the respondents had attained high level of livelihood outcomes. Interestingly, a weak impact of vegetable farming was noted in improved human and social capital in such a way that improvement in the livelihoods can only be achieved by cultivating more land. Results from OLRM revealed that land size, vegetable variety and education were the most significant (p≤ 0.05) predictors of the livelihood outcomes. Conclusively, vegetable farming has the potential of improving livelihoods. However, the main challenge is not just one of engaging the youth in agriculture but equipping them with farming and entrepreneurial skills to enable them realise their ambition in farming. The local government in collaborations with the youth and academic/research institutions are urged to address these challenges when designing intervention for improving the livelihoods of youth through agriculture.
Contribution of Village Community Banks to Members’ Livelihood Outcomes in Tanzania: A Case of Chang’ombe Ward in Temeke Municipality
(African Journal of Accounting and Social Science Studies (AJASS), 2023-12) Rwela, Anderson G.
This paper assesses the contribution of Village Community Banks (VICOBA) to members’ livelihoods. Specifically, the paper examines the factors for membership in Village Community Banks and the contribution of VICOBA to the livelihood outcomes of members. The paper is based on a cross-sectional study whereby a sample of 224 respondents was drawn from the population using simple random sampling;112 were members and 112 were non-members of VICOBA. Non-members of VICOBA were used as a control group. The method of data collection was a survey. The data were analysed by computing descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics included calculating frequencies and percentages, while inferential statistics included means comparison. The results indicate that services offered by VICOBA were determinants of membership in VICOBA, which included access to loans, networking, receiving earnings, a lower interest rate, savings, and a source of capital. VICOBA contributed to livelihood outcomes variables such as net income and SMEs value of members as it showed a statistically significant P ≥ 0.05 meaning that members of VICOBA had higher net income and Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs)value compared to non-members. Also, livelihood outcomes such as TV set value, health service cost, and house value of members of VICOBA showed higher values compared to non-members as it showed statistics significant of P ≥ 0.01. The findings conclude that there is a strong positive relationship between membership and livelihood outcomes. The study recommends that local district authorities, NGOs, and the ministry responsible for community development to promote members of the community to participate in VICOBA through developing appropriate policies as VICOBA has shown a tool for achieving livelihood outcomes and means of financial inclusion by enabling members to access capital at affordable costs.
Corporate Governance and Firm Performance: Evidence from Microfinance Institutions in Tanzania
(TIA, 2022-12-31) Solomon, Saimon.
This study examined the impact of corporate governance on the performance of a firm. Two elements of corporate governance were involved namely the board of directors composition and audit committee composition which were assessed to find out their relations to Microfinance Institutions' (MFIs) financial performance. This study was done to contribute specific insights to the relationship and influence of corporate governance on firm performance especially due to limited literature in Tanzania. The study used a cross-sectional design, in which data were collected at a single point in time. Quantitative data were collected from 80 CEOs/Managers of MFIs under study. The study found that most of the respondents, which is equivalent to 66.2%, had the title of managers or supervisors and 17.4% were the CEOs/Directors. Moreover, MFIs agreed to have boards with independence (M=4.48, SD=0.49) and gender diversity (M=4.67, SD=0.41). Moreover, MFIs agreed to have an audit committee with members who had accounting/auditing/finance expertise. The findings from regression results further show that the relationship was significant between board composition (board independence and gender and geographical diversity) and audit committee composition (educational background and experience in microfinance issues) with the firm’s performance. The study concludes that corporate governance influences the financial performance of MFIs in Tanzania. The study recommends that MFIs and policymakers should ensure that the board of directors is characterised by independence and gender and geographic diversity. Also, the audit committee should comprise members who are experts in microfinance to enhance performance.

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