Business Administration

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Determinants of Business Formalization in Singida Municipal Council, Tanzania
(Tanzania Institute of Accountancy, 2023-06) Pallangyo, Barakael T.; Akyoo, Elimeleck P.
While Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are recognized to be the engine of growth of the economy, most businesses continue to operate informally. There are competing arguments on prospects of business formalization. This study analysed the attitudes of business owners towards business formalization and determinants of such formalization among SMEs in Singida Municipality. The study adopted a cross-sectional research design, and a mixed-methods approach whreby both quantitative and qualitative data were collected. A sample of 200 SMEs owners were selected using Fisher’s formula. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic content analysis with a constant comparison. Quantitative data were analysed with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software whereby descriptive statistics were computed to obtain frequencies and percentage distributions of the responses. A five-point Likert scale was used to establish the level of attitude towards business formalization. Binary logistic regression was used to determine effects of predictors on chances of business formalization. It was found that education, age, sex, firm location, firm size, employment and access to credit were important predictors of business formalization (p <0.005). Many respondents (56.6%) had positive attitude on business formalization. Insufficient capital (30.1%) and high tax charges (21.7%) were the most frequently cited factors hindering business formalization.
Determinants of Livelihood Diversification Strategies in Communities Adjacent to Large Scale Agricultural Investment in Kilombero Valley, Tanzania.
(Tengeru Community Development Journal, 2021-12-15) Akyoo, Elimeleck P.
Household’s socio-economic characteristics have the potential of determining livelihood strategies of community living adjacent to large scale agricultural investment areas. However, livelihood diversification strategies in areas with large-scale agricultural investment are determined by complex and yet empirically untested factors in Kilombero Valley. Thus, the aim of this study is to examine the determinants of livelihood diversification strategies in the study area. The study based adopted a cross-sectional research design and the exploratory sequential research strategy whereby data were collected from 376 respondents. Quantitative data collected through a structured questionnaire were entered into SPSS and Multinomial logit model was used to examine determinants of household livelihood diversification strategies. Qualitative data were subjected to content analysis. Generally, findings show that household size, land size and access to credit were positively and significantly (p ≤ 0.05) associated with households’ livelihood diversification for households adjacent to Kilombero Sugar Company Limited (KSCL). On the other hand, land size, total income and group membership were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) associated with households’ livelihood diversification for households adjacent to Kilombero Plantation Limited (KPL). It is concluded that diversification of livelihood strategies in communities adjacent to large-scale agricultural investments are context specific and depends on investors adjacent to the community in question. It is recommended that local government authorities and other development actors in Kilombero Valley should recognize and support non-farm livelihood diversification and address access to credit constraints by provision of credit with lowest interest rate to households who will be interested in non-farm income generating activities.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) towards COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study among Higher Learning Institutions (HLIs) Students of Tanzania
(Tanzania Institute of Accountancy, 2023-06) Mawala, Isaac; Akyoo, Elimeleck P.
There is paucity on both the level of knowledge about COVID-19 and whether the level of knowledge among students of HLIs is related to their practices regarding measures proposed for prevention against COVID-19. The objective of this study was to analyse the level of knowledge, attitude, misconceptions and practices of students in HLIs in order to improve protection measures being undertaken by the students and staff at HLIs. The study employed a cross sectional research design involving 385 HLIs students who were selected randomly using simple and systematic sampling techniques from four institutions of HLIs in four regions. The data were collected through using a questionnaire and analysed with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) whereby descriptive statistics, Chi-square test were analysed. Results indicate that the general knowledge about COVID-19 was low among students, and it was different between male and female students; female students had relatively lower level of knowledge about COVID-19 compared to their male counterparts. Most students were not aware of how COVID- 19 is transmitted. Most students had positive attitudes towards COVID-19 control. It can be concluded that, generally students had low overall levels of knowledge, attitude and practices towards COVID-19. It is recommended that HLIs should create comprehensive awareness strategies suited to the needs of male and female HLIs students that are urgently needed in the fight against COVID-19.
Livelihood Outcomes Among Households Participating in Large-Scale Agricultural Investments in Kilombero Valley, Tanzania
(Tanzania Institute of Accountancy, 2018-06) Akyoo, Elimeleck P.; Jeckoniah, John N.; Kabote, Samwel J.
Large-scale agricultural investment is an important economic activity which has potential to improve the livelihoods of Male-Headed Households (MHHs) and Female-Headed Households (FHHs). (However, the benefit derived from large-scale agricultural investments has a household headship and agricultural investments models differential
Socio-Economic Determinants of Rural Market Participation for Smallholder Maize Farmers in Dodoma Region-Tanzania
(Tanzania Institute of Accountancy, 2018-06) Ismail, Ismail J.; Timothy, Shauri; Ajuaye, Adeline; Akyoo, Elimeleck P.
Like many other Sub-Sahara African countries, the contribution made by smallholder farmers in Tanzania’s economy cannot be under estimated given the fact that, majority depend on them for food security and industrialization process. Unfortunately, most of these farmers are not performing well, hence having little contribution to the economic development of the country and eventually to their socioeconomic wellbeing

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Browsing Business Administration by Author "Akyoo, Elimeleck P."