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The TIA’s Repository is intended to collect, preserve and disseminate electronic copies of research and scholarly works created at TIA. The Repository will serve as a gateway to disseminate similar learning resources created elsewhere. Publications stored in the Repository include conference papers, journal articles, theses and dissertations, working papers and research reports. TIA staff are requested to contribute their research outputs to the Institute repository. Kindly, contact the repository administrator/s for any enquiries at: admin@tia.ac.tz. To deposit your publication (s) in TIA repository, make sure you create an account by registering in the repository or by supplying your email address to admin@tia.ac.tz for the same.

Education for Efficiency@Tanzania Institute of Accountancy

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Recent Submissions

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Exploring the Causal Effect of Cash Conversion Cycle Signals on Profitability of Tanzanian Manufacturing Firms

(International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences, 2024-10-31) Tago, Gwatako; Sumawe, Sadiki

Management of Cash Conversion Cycle (CCC) components is piercing for firms’ profitability. Financial Managers world-wide, adopts cash conversion cycle in measuring and estimating the level of risks and return of their firms for profit and wealth maximization. As a result, managers keep an eye on the drivers and derailers of profitability. The study focused on establishing the causal effect of cash conversion cycle on profitability while exploring whether single or double digit indicators matter for profitability determination of manufacturing firms. Theoretical and extant empirical literature reviewed guided the scholar foundations for gap identification. The findings were elicited from annual audited financial statements of companies enrolled on DSE from 2008 to 2022 with a sample of 8 manufacturing firms for 15 years, aggregating to a total of 120 observations. Profit was estimated using Profit-After Tax (PAT) and the Cash Conversion Cycle was measured through Inventory Turnover Days (ITD), Debt Collection Days (DCD) and Credit Payment Days (CPD). In model selection, Hausman test was adopted to pick between fixed effect and random effect model while Panel Regression was favored in estimating the causal effect of CCC and profitability. Based on regression analysis, Inventory Turnover Days (ITD) has a negative impact on firms’ profitability and Debt Collection Days (DCD) revealed an insignificant positive relationship between DCD and profitability. Furthermore, the study found a negative relationship between Credit Payment Days (CPD) and profitability. On the other hand, the research found that profitability of most firms with double digit cash conversion cycle proved to be higher than those firms with single or triple cash conversion cycle. The research findings unveiled that CCC correlates positively with profitability and significantly impacts manufacturing firms’ profitability. So, for DSE firms to increase their profitability and firm value under modern competitive era, concentration on double digit cash conversion cycle is paramount ought to the nature of business and assets invested in. Therefore, we conclude that there is a significant causal-relationship of cash conversion cycle on profitability for firms in Tanzania, indicating the necessity of managing appropriately the CCC components.

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Effect of Student Satisfaction on Retention in Higher Learning Institutions: A Case of TIA Mwanza Campus

(African Journal of Accounting and Social Science Studies (AJASSS), 2024-11-30) Odilah, Thomas; Magoma, Anthony; Gasper, Laban

The satisfaction and retention for students in Higher Learning Institutions (HLIs) has attracted significant scholarly interest. In today’s highly competitive and technologically advanced environment, the survival of HLIs hinges on addressing student satisfaction by offering a diverse range of services to combat the issues of attrition. Thus, this study investigates the relationship between student satisfaction and retention rates in HLIs. Tanzania Institute of Accountancy–Mwanza campus was purposively selected for this study. A crosssectional survey strategy was used in gathering data from a sample of 323 students from different academic departments. A structured questionnaire with 23 items helped the collection of quantitative data. Data was analyzed using binary logistic regression in IBM SPSS Statistics Version 29. Results reveal that the quality of instructors, admission process, and mentorship programs positively and significantly influence student retention. These findings imply that HLIs should prioritize strategic investments in streamline admission procedures and implement comprehensive mentorship programs to enhance student satisfaction and retention. From a policy perspective, the study underscores the need for institutional policies that mandate the regular evaluation and improvement of student support services to reduce dropout rates and enhance overall educational experience. These results are crucial in developing various strategies aimed at improving the educational experience of students at TIA and eventually attracting more students in the future by reducing any cases of attrition among the current students.

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Female Directors' Expertise in the Audit Committee and Corporate Environmental Disclosure. Evidence from Listed Non-Financial Firms in Kenya

(African Journal of Accounting and Social Science Studies (AJASSS), 2024-11-30) Magoma, Anthony; Mkunde, Beatrice

This study examines the influence of female directors' expertise in the audit committee and corporate environmental disclosure (CED) of listed non-financial firms in the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE). Despite growing interest in gender diversity in corporate governance, existing empirical research in Kenya has largely overlooked the specific impact of female audit committee members’ professional expertise, particularly in accounting and finance, on CED. Addressing this gap, the study focuses on two key variables: female audit committee members with accounting/finance backgrounds and those without. Guided by agency theory, resource dependency theory, and stakeholder theory, the study utilized a content analysis approach to manually review and code annual reports of 20 listed non-financial firms from 2016 to 2023, resulting in a balanced panel of 160 firm-year observations. Fixed effect panel regression was used to test the hypotheses, while the Generalized Methods of Moments (GMM) was used to test for robustness. The results revealed that female audit committee members with accounting and finance expertise significantly influenced CED. In contrast, female non-accounting and finance experts in the audit committee exerted a negative and significant influence on CED. The study concludes that accounting and finance expertise among female directors in the audit committee is a key determinant of CED among listed non-financial firms in Kenya. The study recommends that listed non-financial firms should promote gender diversity by appointing females with relevant expertise to audit committees. It also urges policymakers to issue guidelines that emphasize both gender representation and professional competence to enhance CED in emerging economies like Kenya.

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The Influence of Mathematical Skills on Entrepreneurship Success in Tanzania: A Case of Petty Traders in Mwanza City Council

(African Journal of Accounting and Social Science Studies (AJASSS), 2024-11) Katabwa, Johnson N.; Kalemile, Dorence M.

The need of mathematical proficiency remains as standing tool in promoting newly growing technology and entrepreneurship. The role of mathematics on the entrepreneurship in enhancing business operations, decision-making processes, and overall business management in today’s competitive market can’t be ignored. By recognizing that, the current study intended to assess the influence of Mathematical skills on entrepreneurship success among petty traders in Mwanza city council. Through exploratory design the study adopted crosssectional survey design approach. 80 small scale shop retailers were structured interviewed using questionnaire sheet. Qualitative insights from petty traders were quantitively measured by Likert scale and analyzed by binary logistic model through SPSS package. The findings revealed a significant influence of mathematical skills on improving entrepreneurial outcomes, such as increased profitability, better cash flow management, and enhanced risk and business planning skills. At 0.05 confidence interval Mathematical skills and other factors such as Capital, experience and gender were observed to be significant determinants which can predict the success of any business. The study highlighted the importance of mathematics and entrepreneurship education in empowering petty traders and recommended that, proper policy interventions can develop the quality of mathematics education for Petty traders, implement community-based trainings towards mathematical implications on financial management. Furthermore, financial institutions should stand on promoting students in mathematics performance to all levels of education so to prepare the well-trained future entrepreneurs.

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Audit committee chair expertise and firm performance: A case study of listed financial firms in Kenya

(African Journal of Accounting and Social Science Studies (AJASSS), 2024-11) Jonathan, Osca; Magoma, Anthony

This study examines the influence of Audit Committee (AC) chair expertise on financial performance, as measured by the return on assets (ROA) of listed financial firms on the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE) in Kenya. It specifically focuses on three explanatory variables of AC chair expertise: monitoring expertise, accounting and financial expertise, and experiential expertise. Despite the important governance role played by audit committees, there is limited empirical evidence exploring how the specific expertise of audit committee chairs affects firm performance. The present study seeks to fill the gap by assessing the relationship between AC chair expertise and financial performance. Agency and Human Capital theories were used as the theoretical foundation. A quantitative approach was used to collect secondary data from the annual reports and audited financial statements of 18 listed financial firms at NSE from 2016 to 2022, resulting in a balanced panel of 126 data points. Fixed-effects panel regression model was used to test the hypotheses. The results revealed that AC's experiential expertise significantly influenced the firm’s financial performance. The study concludes that AC’s experiential expertise is the key determinant of financial performance among listed financial firms in Kenya. Furthermore, the study recommends that listed financial firms in Kenya should prioritize the appointment of AC chairs in the audit committees with substantial experience, particularly those with over three years of relevant experience.